Has anyone verified the efficiency of their string inverter?

Collapse
X
 
  • Time
  • Show
Clear All
new posts
  • scrambler
    Solar Fanatic
    • Mar 2019
    • 502

    #1

    Has anyone verified the efficiency of their string inverter?

    I was wondering if anyone with a string inverter had the curiosity of checking the actual efficiency.
    What I mean by efficiency is AC power coming out of the inverter divided by the DC power going into the inverter.

    Here are the measuring method I used.
    DC in:
    I have separate panel monitoring (optimizers), so I can get the DC in in two places, directly at the array with the optimizers reporting, and from the Inverter solar production. I have already found the Inverter number to be on average 0.9% below the array, which I assume are the line losses.
    Note: If the only report of the solar production comes from the inverter one would need to be sure of where they measure it.

    AC out:
    For the AC coming out, I figured the best way to be sure of that is to turn off ALL the house breakers, leaving just the Inverter breaker on, and measure the Grid Export. That should give me the actual AC power the inverter creates from the Solar input. The grid export can be taken from the grid monitoring reading if its accuracy has been verified, or it can also be taken at the Utility meter. I did both to cross verify them.

    I have done this at a few stages during the day, and especially at mid-day when the production is at its peak, and I am finding somewhat lower numbers that the one advertised, so I am curious if other people have done this and what they found.

    My Inverter is rated Peak/CEC Weighted (PV to Grid) of 96%/95.5%, but using the method above, I am measuring just below 93%.
    Does that seem reasonable and explainable by other losses in the circuit or do you get better matching of spec efficiency vs real efficiency?

    Thank you for sharing
  • Mike90250
    Moderator
    • May 2009
    • 16020

    #2
    There is an optimum voltage for the MPPT converter to run at. Then you measure efficiency .
    Powerfab top of pole PV mount (2) | Listeroid 6/1 w/st5 gen head | XW6048 inverter/chgr | Iota 48V/15A charger | Morningstar 60A MPPT | 48V, 800A NiFe Battery (in series)| 15, Evergreen 205w "12V" PV array on pole | Midnight ePanel | Grundfos 10 SO5-9 with 3 wire Franklin Electric motor (1/2hp 240V 1ph ) on a timer for 3 hr noontime run - Runs off PV ||
    || Midnight Classic 200 | 10, Evergreen 200w in a 160VOC array ||
    || VEC1093 12V Charger | Maha C401 aa/aaa Charger | SureSine | Sunsaver MPPT 15A

    solar: http://tinyurl.com/LMR-Solar
    gen: http://tinyurl.com/LMR-Lister

    Comment

    • J.P.M.
      Solar Fanatic
      • Aug 2013
      • 15007

      #3
      When running under clear skies at the daily times of min. solar incidence angle on the array, after several hundred such readings, using what my inverter screen pukes out, what comes out of the inverter = ~ 0.970 of what goes in. That varies ~ -0.002/+0.003 or so for any given day for such measurements.

      The product of voltage and current readings from each of the 2 strings seems to match up quite well with what the inverter screen shows for input from the array. The inverter is a rebadged 5 kW PowerOne (PVI-5000-OUTD-US.) Best educated guess on inverter display accuracy is that it reads ~ 0.0051 higher than the POCO meter. Got that SWAG after going away for 10 days/2 weeks 3 times over 3 years and opening all circuits to the house except the array circuit during those periods. Basically, the inverter display shows ~ 0.5% higher than the POCO meter.

      Published CEC inverter eff.= 0.965. Published max. inverter eff. = 0.971, for whatever those #'s are worth.

      Doing heat loss calcs with/without forced cooling at reading times suggest reasonable agreement with a 3% or so heat rejection rate.

      System operational since 10/17/2013. No hiccups/problems yet.

      Comment

      • scrambler
        Solar Fanatic
        • Mar 2019
        • 502

        #4
        Thank you
        @mike, the MPPTs range is 250V - 430V, with a 360V optimal. At peak, the array is providing about 270V to each MPPT (9 panels at 30V)

        The inverter is also using forced cooling, and I am not sure if they take the fans consumption into account in their efficiency numbers...

        Today I actually got a measured 96.4% efficiency, and the grid reading precision seems to be within +- 20W, which accounts for +- 0.4% in efficiency measurement

        Will keep an eye on it.

        Thanks again for chiming in
        Last edited by scrambler; 06-18-2020, 07:41 PM.

        Comment

        • bcroe
          Solar Fanatic
          • Jan 2012
          • 5208

          #5
          These spread out systems have losses in every foot of connecting wire (especially mine). To get
          accuracy to 2 decimal places would require placing lab quality stunts in the input and output
          leads, and a quality true rms meter to check out the voltages and currents. Less than that will
          make 3rd decimal readings meaningless and 2nd decimal questionable. Since efficiency losses
          are only a small part of those numbers, they will lose more decimal places.

          That is a lot of trouble and has not been done here. It might give interesting results against
          voltage and power variations, along with temp, again hard to set up. I would research curves
          from the mfg if available. good luck, Bruce Roe

          Comment

          Working...